Статистика матча ПНИПУ (Г) vs НИУ

Dotabuff

Победа сил света

31 40 минут, 31 секунда 39

ПНИПУ (Г)

Силы тьмы
Игрок У С П ДК/НО NET ЗМ/ОМ Урон УПС Исц Предметы
22
Elitewow 7 7 15 301/24 20K 603/665 29K 9.6K 94
20
SAIYAN 8 6 15 33/3 11K 343/551 11K 1K 0
25
celestial 11 6 10 279/13 22K 614/918 27K 4.6K 0
19
justchill 5 5 15 51/3 12K 334/523 9.7K 1K 0
22
Psix 8 7 15 248/4 19K 538/657 23K 1K 125
2
3
5
6
9
12
13
16
17
20
21
24

НИУ РАНХИГС А

Силы света Победитель
Игрок У С П ДК/НО NET ЗМ/ОМ Урон УПС Исц Предметы
26
steklowater 13 4 9 450/11 30K 764/1K 34K 15K 0
20
dispersion 3 11 19 39/2 11K 324/551 9.4K 2.6K 0
21
FAR 9 10 14 189/8 17K 492/584 26K 482 0
24
lndrtz 5 4 21 100/0 15K 392/787 18K 965 432
21
Lich 1 10 12 274/5 17K 477/590 21K 448 0
1
4
7
8
10
11
14
15
18
19
22
23
HP 120 MP 375

Medusa

Ranged - Carry, Disabler, Durable
0 +0
22 +3.6
25 +3.6
  • Скорость передвижения
    275
  • Базовая атака
    48-54
  • Базовая броня
    3.4
  • Дальность атаки
    600
HP 534 MP 450

Ring Master

Ranged - Support, Nuker, Escape, Disabler
23 +2.4
13 +1.4
25 +3
  • Скорость передвижения
    310
  • Базовая атака
    48-58
  • Базовая броня
    3.08
  • Дальность атаки
    575
HP 534 MP 315

Templar Assassin

Ranged - Carry, Escape
23 +2.4
23 +3.2
20 +2
  • Скорость передвижения
    310
  • Базовая атака
    53-59
  • Базовая броня
    4.6
  • Дальность атаки
    250
HP 462 MP 525

Tinker

Ranged - Carry, Nuker, Pusher
19 +2.3
17 +1.4
30 +3.3
  • Скорость передвижения
    310
  • Базовая атака
    52-58
  • Базовая броня
    6.72
  • Дальность атаки
    500
HP 462 MP 450

Silencer

Ranged - Carry, Support, Disabler, Initiator, Nuker
19 +2.2
22 +2.2
25 +2.9
  • Скорость передвижения
    290
  • Базовая атака
    43-57
  • Базовая броня
    3.52
  • Дальность атаки
    600
HP 570 MP 465

Jakiro

Ranged - Support, Nuker, Pusher, Disabler
25 +2.5
15 +1.2
26 +3
  • Скорость передвижения
    290
  • Базовая атака
    53-61
  • Базовая броня
    3.4
  • Дальность атаки
    400
HP 480 MP 420

Ancient Apparition

Ranged - Support, Disabler, Nuker
20 +1.9
20 +2.2
23 +3.1
  • Скорость передвижения
    285
  • Базовая атака
    44-54
  • Базовая броня
    2.2
  • Дальность атаки
    675
HP 498 MP 279

Sand King

Melee - Initiator, Disabler, Support, Nuker, Escape
21 +2.3
19 +1.8
17 +1.8
  • Скорость передвижения
    290
  • Базовая атака
    7-15
  • Базовая броня
    4.8
  • Дальность атаки
    150
HP 498 MP 435

Rubick

Ranged - Support, Disabler, Nuker
21 +2
23 +2.5
24 +3.7
  • Скорость передвижения
    290
  • Базовая атака
    49-55
  • Базовая броня
    4.68
  • Дальность атаки
    550
HP 795 MP 279

Tiny

Melee - Carry, Nuker, Pusher, Initiator, Durable, Disabler
30 +4
0 +0
17 +2.2
  • Скорость передвижения
    275
  • Базовая атака
    61-67
  • Базовая броня
    0
  • Дальность атаки
    150
HP 615 MP 243

Bristleback

Melee - Carry, Durable, Initiator, Nuker
22 +2.7
17 +1.8
14 +2.8
  • Скорость передвижения
    295
  • Базовая атака
    53-59
  • Базовая броня
    3.72
  • Дальность атаки
    150
HP 534 MP 303

Morphling

Ranged - Carry, Escape, Durable, Nuker, Disabler
23 +3.2
24 +3.9
19 +1.8
  • Скорость передвижения
    285
  • Базовая атака
    36-45
  • Базовая броня
    2.8
  • Дальность атаки
    350
HP 638 MP 120

Ogre Magi

Melee - Support, Nuker, Disabler, Durable, Initiator
23 +4.2
14 +1.5
0 +0
  • Скорость передвижения
    290
  • Базовая атака
    67-73
  • Базовая броня
    6.24
  • Дальность атаки
    150
HP 408 MP 315

Weaver

Ranged - Carry, Escape
16 +2
17 +3.3
20 +2
  • Скорость передвижения
    275
  • Базовая атака
    54-60
  • Базовая броня
    4.4
  • Дальность атаки
    425
HP 480 MP 450

Shadow Shaman

Ranged - Support, Pusher, Disabler, Nuker, Initiator
20 +2.3
16 +1.6
25 +3.5
  • Скорость передвижения
    285
  • Базовая атака
    65-72
  • Базовая броня
    5.56
  • Дальность атаки
    400
HP 534 MP 303

Marci

Melee - Support, Carry, Initiator, Disabler, Escape
23 +3
20 +1.8
19 +1.5
  • Скорость передвижения
    315
  • Базовая атака
    7-13
  • Базовая броня
    4
  • Дальность атаки
    150
HP 570 MP 267

Ursa

Melee - Carry, Durable, Disabler
25 +2.4
18 +2.8
16 +1.5
  • Скорость передвижения
    310
  • Базовая атака
    42-46
  • Базовая броня
    4.6
  • Дальность атаки
    150
HP 516 MP 315

Ember Spirit

Melee - Carry, Escape, Nuker, Disabler, Initiator
22 +2.6
22 +3.2
20 +2.2
  • Скорость передвижения
    300
  • Базовая атака
    55-59
  • Базовая броня
    4.4
  • Дальность атаки
    150
HP 444 MP 315

Monkey King

Melee - Carry, Escape, Disabler, Initiator
18 +2.8
24 +3.7
20 +1.8
  • Скорость передвижения
    300
  • Базовая атака
    53-57
  • Базовая броня
    6.8
  • Дальность атаки
    300
HP 480 MP 267

Slark

Melee - Carry, Escape, Disabler, Nuker
20 +2.1
21 +1.5
16 +1.9
  • Скорость передвижения
    300
  • Базовая атака
    58-64
  • Базовая броня
    4.2
  • Дальность атаки
    150
HP 498 MP 231

Troll Warlord

Ranged - Carry, Pusher, Disabler, Durable
21 +2.5
23 +3.3
13 +1
  • Скорость передвижения
    290
  • Базовая атака
    50-58
  • Базовая броня
    3.6
  • Дальность атаки
    500
HP 683 MP 279

Underlord

Melee - Support, Nuker, Disabler, Durable, Escape
25 +3
12 +1.6
17 +2.3
  • Скорость передвижения
    290
  • Базовая атака
    62-68
  • Базовая броня
    4.92
  • Дальность атаки
    200
HP 444 MP 303

Terrorblade

Melee - Carry, Pusher, Nuker
18 +2
22 +4
19 +1.6
  • Скорость передвижения
    315
  • Базовая атака
    50-56
  • Базовая броня
    9.4
  • Дальность атаки
    150
HP 683 MP 291

Axe

Melee - Initiator, Durable, Disabler, Carry
25 +2.8
20 +1.7
18 +1.6
  • Скорость передвижения
    315
  • Базовая атака
    55-59
  • Базовая броня
    3.2
  • Дальность атаки
    150

Satanic

5050
  • + 25 Strength
  • + 25 Damage
  • + 30% Lifesteal

Active: Unholy Rage

Increases Lifesteal percentage to 175% for 6 seconds. Dispel Type: Basic Dispel
Passive: Lifesteal

Heals the attacker for a percentage of attack damage dealt. Lifesteal from creeps is reduced by 40%.

Immense power at the cost of your soul.

Компоненты:

900
1350
2800

Hurricane Pike

4450
  • + 15 Intelligence
  • + 200 Health
  • + 20 Agility
  • + 15 Strength
  • + 150 Attack Range (Ranged Only)

Active: Hurricane Thrust

Pushes you and target enemy 450 units away from each other, and for 6 seconds, allows you to make 5 attacks against the target without range restrictions and with +100 attack speed. Can be cast on self or allies to push the target 600 units in the direction it is facing. Enemy Range: 450
Passive: Dragon's Reach

Increases attack range of ranged heroes.

A legendary pike once held as royal sigil of the ancient wyvern riders.

Компоненты:

2200
1900

Black King Bar

4050
  • + 10 Strength
  • + 24 Damage

Active: Avatar

Applies a basic dispel. Grants 60% Magic resistance and immunity to pure and reflected damage. For the duration of the effect, any negative effect from enemy spells has no effect. Duration: 9 Dispel Type: Basic Dispel

A powerful staff imbued with the strength of giants.

Компоненты:

1000
1600

Manta Style

4650
  • + 10 Strength
  • + 26 Agility
  • + 10 Intelligence
  • + 15 Attack Speed
  • + 10% Movement Speed

Active: Mirror Image

Creates 2 images of your hero that last 18 seconds. Melee images deal 33% damage, while Ranged images deal 28%. Illusions take 300% damage. Dispel Type: Basic Dispel

An axe made of reflective materials that causes confusion amongst enemy ranks.

Компоненты:

2100
1000

Power Treads

1400
  • + 45 Move Speed (Ranged Heroes)
  • + 55 Move Speed (Melee Heroes)
  • + 10 Selected Attribute
  • + 25 Attack Speed

Active: Switch Attribute

Switches between +10 Strength, +10 Agility, or +10 Intelligence.

Movement speed bonuses from multiple pairs of boots do not stack.

A pair of tough-skinned boots that change to meet the demands of the wearer.

Компоненты:

500
450
450

Butterfly

5450
  • + 35 Agility
  • + 35% Evasion
  • + 20% Base Attack Speed Percentage
  • + 25 Damage

Only the mightiest and most experienced of warriors can wield the Butterfly, but it provides incredible dexterity in combat.

Компоненты:

2800
1300
1350

Iron Branch

50
  • + 1 All Attributes

Use: Plant Tree

Targets the ground to plant a happy little tree that lasts for 20 seconds.

A seemingly ordinary branch, its ironlike qualities are bestowed upon the bearer.

Falcon Blade

1125
  • + 200 Health
  • + 1.8 Mana Regeneration
  • + 14 Damage

An enchanted blade that long ago raised a hopeless urchin from pauper to king.

Компоненты:

250
175
450

Ogre Seal Totem

0
  • + 12 Strength

Active: Ogre Seal Flop

Flop forward like an ogre seal 2 times, dealing 250 damage and slowing enemies in a 275 radius by -100% for 1.5 second on each bounce. 400 bounce distance.

Magic Wand

450
  • + 3 All Attributes

Active: Energy Charge

Instantly restores 15 health and mana per charge stored. Max 20 charges. Gains a charge whenever a visible enemy within 1200 range uses an ability.

A simple wand used to channel magic energies, it is favored by apprentice wizards and great warlocks alike.

Компоненты:

200
50
50

Sentry Ward

50

    Use: Plant

    Plants a Sentry Ward, an invisible watcher that grants True Sight, the ability to see invisible enemy units and wards, to any existing allied vision within a 1000 radius. Lasts 7 minutes. Does not grant ground vision. Hold Control to give one Sentry Ward to an allied hero.

    A form of plant originally grown in the garden of a fearful king.

    Blink Dagger

    2250

      Active: Blink

      Teleport to a target point up to 1200 units away. Blink Dagger cannot be used for 3 seconds after taking damage from an enemy hero or Roshan.

      The fabled dagger used by the fastest assassin ever to walk the lands.

      Arcane Boots

      1300
      • + 45 Movement Speed
      • + 0.5 Mana Regeneration

      Active: Replenish Mana

      Restores 175 mana to all nearby allies. Radius: 1200
      Passive: Basilius Aura

      Grants 1 mana regeneration to allies. Radius: 1200

      Movement speed bonuses from multiple pairs of boots do not stack.

      Magi equipped with these boots are valued in battle.

      Компоненты:

      500
      425

      Ghost Scepter

      1500
      • + 5 All Attributes

      Active: Ghost Form

      You enter ghost form for 4 seconds, becoming immune to physical damage, but are unable to attack and -40% more vulnerable to magic damage.

      Imbues the wielder with a ghostly presence, allowing them to evade physical damage.

      Smoke of Deceit

      50

        Use: Disguise

        Turns the caster and all allied player-controlled units in a 1200 radius invisible, and grants 15% bonus movement speed for 45 seconds. While the caster is still disguised, any allies that come within 300 range of them will also get the buff applied to them. Each smoke can only be applied once to allies. Attacking or moving within 1025 range of an enemy hero or tower, will break the invisibility. Disguise grants invisibility that is immune to True Sight.

        The charlatan wizard Myrddin's only true contribution to the arcane arts.

        Great Healing Lotus

        0

          Use: Eat Lotus

          Instantly restores 400 health and mana.

          Компоненты:

          0
          0
          0

          Eul's Scepter of Divinity

          2625
          • + 10 Intelligence
          • + 2.5 Mana Regeneration
          • + 20 Movement Speed

          Active: Cyclone

          Sweeps a target unit up into a cyclone, making them invulnerable for 2.5 seconds. Cyclone can only be cast on enemy units or yourself. Enemy units take 50 magical damage upon landing. Dispel Type: Basic Dispel

          A mysterious scepter passed down through the ages, its disruptive winds can be used for good or evil.

          Компоненты:

          1000
          700
          250

          Phase Boots

          1500
          • + 50 Movement Speed
          • + 18 Damage (MELEE)
          • + 12 Damage (RANGED)
          • + 4 Armor

          Active: Phase

          Gives 20% increased movement speed on melee heroes, and 10% on ranged heroes, and lets you move through units and turn more quickly for 3 seconds.

          Movement speed bonuses from multiple pairs of boots do not stack.

          Boots that allow the wearer to travel between the ether.

          Компоненты:

          500
          550
          450

          Heaven's Halberd

          3500
          • + 25% Evasion
          • + 20 Strength
          • + 25% Slow Resistance
          • + 25% Health Regen and Lifesteal Amp

          Active: Disarm

          Prevents a target from attacking for 3 seconds on melee targets, and 5 seconds on ranged targets.

          This halberd moves with the speed of a smaller weapon, allowing the bearer to win duels that a heavy edge would not.

          Компоненты:

          2100
          1300

          Bottle

          675

            Active: Regenerate

            Consumes a charge to restore 110 health and 60 mana over 2.7 seconds. If the hero is attacked by an enemy hero or Roshan, the effect is lost. The Bottle automatically refills at the fountain. Hold Control to use on an allied hero.
            Passive: Store Rune

            Runes can be stored in the Bottle for later use by right-clicking them. Unused runes will automatically activate after 90 seconds. Using a stored rune fully refills the Bottle.

            An old bottle that survived the ages, the contents placed inside become enchanted.

            Yasha

            2100
            • + 16 Agility
            • + 15 Attack Speed
            • + 10% Movement Speed

            Yasha is regarded as the swiftest weapon ever created.

            Компоненты:

            1000
            450

            Mage Slayer

            2825
            • + 20% Magic Resistance
            • + 45 Attack Speed
            • + 2 Mana Regeneration
            • + 10 Intelligence

            Passive: Mage Slayer

            Places a debuff when you attack enemies, dealing 25 damage per second and causing them to do 40% less spell damage for 3 seconds.

            Forged by a secret order in The Third Age of Praxa'cia to fell the False King.

            Компоненты:

            800
            1625

            Soul Booster

            3000
            • + 425 Health
            • + 425 Mana

            Regain lost courage.

            Компоненты:

            1000
            800
            1200

            Spirit Vessel

            2780
            • + 1.75 Mana Regeneration
            • + 2 Armor
            • + 375 Health

            Active: Soul Release

            When used against enemies, it reduces health by 4% of current health per second, and reduces HP regeneration, healing, lifesteal and spell lifesteal by 50%. Deals 25 damage per second. When used on allies, it provides 40 health regeneration per second. Lasts 8 seconds. Gains charges every time an enemy hero dies within 1400 units. Only the closest Spirit Vessel to the dying hero will gain a charge.

            Компоненты:

            880
            1000

            Rod of Atos

            2250
            • + 15 Intelligence
            • + 275 Health

            Active: Cripple

            Roots the target for 2 seconds.

            Atos, the Lord of Blight, has his essence stored in this deceptively simple wand.

            Компоненты:

            1000
            1000

            Dust of Appearance

            80

              Use: Reveal

              For 12 seconds, creates an area that reveals and slows invisible heroes by -20% in a 1050 radius where the caster was standing. Invisible units revealed by dust take 25 damage. The debuff effect on enemies lingers for 8s after leaving the area of effect.

              One may hide visage, but never volume.

              Mind Breaker

              0
              • + 45 Magic Attack Damage
              • + 30 Attack Speed

              Passive: Silence Strike

              The next attack silences the hit enemy for 2 seconds.

              A bewitching blade of indeterminate form capable of piercing the psyche of even the most willful foe.

              Soul Ring

              805
              • + 6 Strength
              • + 2 Armor

              Active: Sacrifice

              Consume %abilityhealthcost% health to temporarily gain 170 mana. Lasts 10 seconds. If the mana gained cannot fit in your mana pool, it creates a buffer of mana that will be used before your mana pool.

              A ring that feeds on the souls of those who wear it.

              Компоненты:

              175
              140
              140

              Aghanim's Scepter

              4200
              • + 10 All Attributes
              • + 175 Health
              • + 175 Mana

              Passive: Ability Upgrade

              Upgrades the ultimate, and some abilities, of all heroes.

              The scepter of a wizard with demigod-like powers.

              Компоненты:

              1200
              1000
              1000
              1000

              Staff of Wizardry

              1000
              • + 10 Intelligence

              A staff of magical powers passed down from the eldest mages.

              Wind Lace

              250
              • + 20 Movement Speed

              Bonuses from multiple Wind Laces do not stack.

              Hasten to battle on wind-touched heels.

              Monkey King Bar

              4700
              • + 40 Damage
              • + 45 Attack Speed

              Passive: Pierce

              Grants each attack a 80% chance to pierce through evasion and deal 70 bonus magical damage.

              A powerful staff used by a master warrior.

              Компоненты:

              2200
              900
              1000

              Revenant's Brooch

              4900
              • + 70 Damage
              • + 20% Spell Lifesteal

              Toggle: Phantom Province

              When enabled, attacks cost 50 mana, deal magical damage, and can hit ethereal units, but cannot crit.

              The cursed brooch of a fallen guardian who stalks forever between the veil of life and death.

              Компоненты:

              3400
              700

              Bracer

              505
              • + 5 / 10 Strength
              • + 2 / 4 Agility
              • + 2 / 4 Intelligence
              • + 0.75 / 1.5 Health Regeneration
              • + 50 / 100 Health

              Doubles its bonuses after minute 25.

              The bracer is a common choice to toughen up defenses and increase longevity.

              Компоненты:

              155
              140

              Force Staff

              2200
              • + 10 Intelligence
              • + 175 Health

              Active: Force

              Pushes any target unit 600 units in the direction it is facing. .

              Allows you to manipulate others, for good or evil.

              Компоненты:

              1000
              250

              Roshan's Banner

              0

                Use: Place Banner

                Creates a banner at the target location. Lane creeps in the area of effect become damage immune while the Banner is up. Lasts 120 seconds. Can be destroyed. Melee hero attacks deal 2x damage to the banner.

                Lotus Orb

                3850
                • + 10 Armor
                • + 6.5 Health Regeneration
                • + 4.0 Mana Regeneration
                • + 250 Mana

                Active: Echo Shell

                Applies a shield to the target unit for 5 seconds which re-casts most targeted spells back to their caster. The shielded unit will still take damage from the spell. Dispel Type: Basic Dispel

                The jewel at its center still reflects a pale image of its creator.

                Компоненты:

                1400
                1400
                800

                Glimmer Cape

                2150
                • + 25% Magic Resistance

                Active: Glimmer

                After a 0.5 second delay, grants invisibility, 40 movement speed and a magic damage barrier that absorbs up to 300 damage to you or a target allied unit for 5 seconds. Can be cast while channeling.

                The stolen cape of a master illusionist.

                Компоненты:

                1000
                800

                Observer and Sentry Wards

                50
                • OBSERVER VISION RANGE: 1600
                • OBSERVER DURATION (MINUTES): 6
                • SENTRY DURATION (MINUTES): 8
                • SENTRY TRUE SIGHT RANGE: 1000

                Use: Plant

                Plant the currently active ward. Double-Click to switch the currently active ward.

                Advancements in stacking efficiency have made wards easier to carry than ever.

                Компоненты:

                50
                0

                Ninja Gear

                0
                • + 20 Agility
                • + 20 Movement Speed

                Active: Solitary Disguise

                Casts Smoke of Deceit on yourself only.

                Valuable equipment recovered by a young explorer sifting through the flotsam and detritus drifting in the void.

                Abyssal Blade

                6250
                • + 35 Damage
                • + 250 Health
                • + 10 Health Regeneration
                • + 10 Strength

                Active: Overwhelm

                Stuns a target enemy unit for 1.6 seconds. Pierces Spell Immunity.
                Passive: Bash

                Grants melee heroes a 25% chance on hit to stun the target for 1.2 seconds and deal 120 bonus physical damage. Bash chance for ranged heroes is 10%.
                Passive: Damage Block

                Grants a 60% chance to block 70 damage from incoming attacks on melee heroes, and 35 damage on ranged.

                The lost blade of the Commander of the Abyss, this edge cuts into an enemy's soul.

                Компоненты:

                2875
                1700

                Diffusal Blade

                2500
                • + 15 Agility
                • + 10 Intelligence

                Active: Inhibit

                Targets an enemy, slowing it for 4 seconds.
                Passive: Manabreak

                Each attack burns 40 mana from the target, and deals 1 physical damage per burned mana. Burns 8 mana per attack from melee illusions and 8 mana per attack from ranged illusions.

                An enchanted blade that allows the user to cut straight into the enemy's soul.

                Компоненты:

                1000
                450

                Crystalys

                2000
                • + 32 Damage

                Passive: Critical Strike

                Grants each attack a 30% chance to deal 160% damage.

                A blade forged from rare crystals, it seeks weak points in enemy armor.

                Компоненты:

                1350
                450

                Brigand's Blade

                0
                • + 10 Damage
                • + 10 Attack Speed

                Passive: Dark Mercy

                Your attacks deal 10 more damage to enemies for each 10% HP they are missing.

                An infamous assassin's blade stolen and smuggled out of White Spire after its owner's mysterious demise.

                Mystic Staff

                2800
                • + 25 Intelligence

                Enigmatic staff made of only the most expensive crystals.

                Spark of Courage

                0

                  Passive: Courage

                  Provides 16 damage when the hero is above 50% Health, and 7 armor when they are below that threshold.

                  Blade Mail

                  2300
                  • + 18 Damage
                  • + 7 Armor

                  Active: Damage Return

                  For 5.5 seconds, the damage returned from all sources is increased by 85%.
                  Passive: Damage Return

                  Everytime you are attacked, you return 20 damage plus 20% of the attack damage dealt to you.

                  A razor-sharp coat of mail, it is the choice of selfless martyrs in combat.

                  Компоненты:

                  1000
                  550

                  Point Booster

                  1200
                  • + 175 Mana
                  • + 175 Health

                  A perfectly formed amethyst that nourishes body and mind when held.

                  Shiva's Guard

                  5175
                  • + 5 Intelligence
                  • + 5 Strength
                  • + 5 Agility
                  • + 5 Health Regeneration
                  • + 15 Armor

                  Active: Arctic Blast

                  Emits a freezing wave that causes enemies to take 15% more damage from spells for 16 seconds, deals 200 magical damage and slows their movement by -40% for 4 seconds. Deals 150% damage to illusions. Radius: 900
                  Passive: Freezing Aura

                  Reduces the attack speed of all enemies by -45 and all heals, regeneration and lifesteal by 25%. Radius: 1200

                  Said to have belonged to a goddess, today it retains much of its former power.

                  Компоненты:

                  1725
                  1400

                  Aghanim's Shard

                  1400

                    Passive: Ability Upgrade

                    Upgrades an existing ability or adds a new ability to your hero.

                    With origins known only to a single wizard, fragments of this impossible crystal are nearly as coveted as the renowned scepter itself.