Статистика матча МК урГУПС vs КГиМС(А)

Dotabuff

Победа сил тьмы

41 39 минут, 5 секунд 44

МК УрГУПС (А)

Силы света
Игрок У С П ДК/НО NET ЗМ/ОМ Урон УПС Исц Предметы
24
luvmiuxx 19 7 2 293/17 22K 623/828 41K 482 0
10
18
cka 1 9 20 23/5 11K 293/450 13K 1.6K 0
21
TRENTOR 10 11 9 175/3 17K 443/622 21K 972 106
10
18
EveryoneSinner 2 13 19 65/5 8.8K 293/459 24K 263 4K
22
Luxik 9 4 18 180/6 18K 471/725 26K 1.3K 0
20
3
4
6
7
9
12
13
16
17
20
22
24

КГиМС(А)

Силы тьмы Победитель
Игрок У С П ДК/НО NET ЗМ/ОМ Урон УПС Исц Предметы
19
Alighiri 4 11 15 14/1 11K 287/504 18K 921 0
10
25
bufetchek 11 7 12 263/18 25K 675/908 24K 6.3K 0
60
18
dava 3 10 15 33/2 11K 288/464 8.1K 1.9K 0
25
26
Qud 18 7 19 218/13 25K 662/992 42K 15K 0
105
35
20
whyzerrox 7 7 16 156/5 17K 480/589 21K 3K 3.5K
280
1
2
5
8
10
11
14
15
18
19
21
23
HP 462 MP 291

Shadow Fiend

Ranged - Carry, Nuker
19 +2.7
25 +3.6
18 +2.2
  • Скорость передвижения
    305
  • Базовая атака
    41-47
  • Базовая броня
    5
  • Дальность атаки
    525
HP 638 MP 291

Tusk

Melee - Initiator, Disabler, Nuker
23 +3.9
23 +1.9
18 +1.7
  • Скорость передвижения
    310
  • Базовая атака
    50-54
  • Базовая броня
    4.68
  • Дальность атаки
    150
HP 683 MP 291

Underlord

Melee - Support, Nuker, Disabler, Durable, Escape
25 +3.2
12 +1.6
18 +2.3
  • Скорость передвижения
    290
  • Базовая атака
    62-68
  • Базовая броня
    4.92
  • Дальность атаки
    200
HP 444 MP 450

Silencer

Ranged - Carry, Support, Disabler, Initiator, Nuker
18 +2.2
22 +2.2
25 +2.9
  • Скорость передвижения
    290
  • Базовая атака
    43-57
  • Базовая броня
    3.52
  • Дальность атаки
    600
HP 638 MP 351

Timbersaw

Melee - Nuker, Durable, Escape
23 +3.6
16 +1.6
23 +2.7
  • Скорость передвижения
    280
  • Базовая атака
    46-50
  • Базовая броня
    2.56
  • Дальность атаки
    150
HP 426 MP 420

Puck

Ranged - Initiator, Disabler, Escape, Nuker
17 +2.4
14 +2.3
23 +3.8
  • Скорость передвижения
    290
  • Базовая атака
    45-53
  • Базовая броня
    2.24
  • Дальность атаки
    550
HP 683 MP 315

Dawnbreaker

Melee - Carry, Durable
25 +3.4
14 +1.7
20 +2
  • Скорость передвижения
    300
  • Базовая атака
    50-54
  • Базовая броня
    4.24
  • Дальность атаки
    150
HP 462 MP 375

Invoker

Ranged - Carry, Nuker, Disabler, Escape, Pusher
19 +2.5
14 +2
20 +4
  • Скорость передвижения
    285
  • Базовая атака
    39-45
  • Базовая броня
    1.24
  • Дальность атаки
    600
HP 615 MP 243

Bristleback

Melee - Carry, Durable, Initiator, Nuker
22 +2.8
17 +1.8
14 +2.8
  • Скорость передвижения
    295
  • Базовая атака
    53-59
  • Базовая броня
    3.72
  • Дальность атаки
    150
HP 444 MP 243

Riki

Melee - Carry, Escape, Disabler
18 +2
30 +2.4
14 +1.3
  • Скорость передвижения
    315
  • Базовая атака
    52-56
  • Базовая броня
    6
  • Дальность атаки
    150
HP 683 MP 291

Axe

Melee - Initiator, Durable, Disabler, Carry
25 +2.7
20 +1.7
18 +1.6
  • Скорость передвижения
    315
  • Базовая атака
    56-60
  • Базовая броня
    3.2
  • Дальность атаки
    150
HP 498 MP 279

Viper

Ranged - Carry, Durable, Initiator, Disabler
21 +2.4
21 +2.7
17 +2
  • Скорость передвижения
    275
  • Базовая атака
    48-50
  • Базовая броня
    2.2
  • Дальность атаки
    575
HP 462 MP 303

Venomancer

Ranged - Support, Nuker, Initiator, Pusher, Disabler
19 +2.1
25 +2.8
19 +1.8
  • Скорость передвижения
    280
  • Базовая атака
    18-21
  • Базовая броня
    5
  • Дальность атаки
    450
HP 570 MP 450

Jakiro

Ranged - Support, Nuker, Pusher, Disabler
25 +2.5
15 +1.2
25 +3
  • Скорость передвижения
    290
  • Базовая атака
    52-60
  • Базовая броня
    3.4
  • Дальность атаки
    400
HP 480 MP 267

Slark

Melee - Carry, Escape, Disabler, Nuker
20 +2.1
21 +1.5
16 +1.9
  • Скорость передвижения
    300
  • Базовая атака
    58-64
  • Базовая броня
    4.2
  • Дальность атаки
    150
HP 480 MP 405

Leshrac

Ranged - Carry, Support, Nuker, Pusher, Disabler
20 +2.8
17 +2.5
22 +3.5
  • Скорость передвижения
    325
  • Базовая атака
    49-53
  • Базовая броня
    3.72
  • Дальность атаки
    575
HP 480 MP 420

Shadow Shaman

Ranged - Support, Pusher, Disabler, Nuker, Initiator
20 +2.3
16 +1.6
23 +3.5
  • Скорость передвижения
    285
  • Базовая атака
    63-70
  • Базовая броня
    4.56
  • Дальность атаки
    400
HP 660 MP 315

Legion Commander

Melee - Carry, Disabler, Initiator, Durable, Nuker
24 +3.1
18 +1.7
20 +2.2
  • Скорость передвижения
    325
  • Базовая атака
    57-61
  • Базовая броня
    2.88
  • Дальность атаки
    150
HP 408 MP 255

Drow Ranger

Ranged - Carry, Disabler, Pusher
16 +1.9
22 +2.8
15 +1.4
  • Скорость передвижения
    310
  • Базовая атака
    51-58
  • Базовая броня
    4.4
  • Дальность атаки
    625
HP 498 MP 327

Phantom Lancer

Melee - Carry, Escape, Pusher, Nuker
21 +2.2
26 +3.4
21 +1.8
  • Скорость передвижения
    285
  • Базовая атака
    52-62
  • Базовая броня
    5.2
  • Дальность атаки
    225
HP 408 MP 315

Weaver

Ranged - Carry, Escape
16 +2
17 +3.3
20 +2
  • Скорость передвижения
    275
  • Базовая атака
    54-60
  • Базовая броня
    4.4
  • Дальность атаки
    425
HP 498 MP 219

Anti-Mage

Melee - Carry, Escape, Nuker
21 +1.6
24 +2.8
12 +1.8
  • Скорость передвижения
    310
  • Базовая атака
    53-57
  • Базовая броня
    5.8
  • Дальность атаки
    150
HP 498 MP 450

Skywrath Mage

Ranged - Support, Nuker, Disabler
21 +2
13 +0.8
25 +4.1
  • Скорость передвижения
    325
  • Базовая атака
    41-51
  • Базовая броня
    0.08
  • Дальность атаки
    625
HP 570 MP 267

Ursa

Melee - Carry, Durable, Disabler
25 +2.4
18 +2.8
16 +1.5
  • Скорость передвижения
    310
  • Базовая атака
    42-46
  • Базовая броня
    4.6
  • Дальность атаки
    150

Battle Fury

3900
  • + 50 Damage
  • + 7.5 Health Regeneration
  • + 2.75 Mana Regeneration

Active: Chop Tree
Destroy a target tree.
Passive: Quell
Increases attack damage against non-hero units by 10 for melee heroes, and 5 for ranged.
Passive: Cleave
Deals 60% of attack damage as physical damage in a cone up to 650 around the target. Deals 40% against creeps. (Melee Only)

The bearer of this mighty axe gains the ability to cut down swaths of enemies at once.

Компоненты:

1000
1000
1200
100

Black King Bar

4050
  • + 10 Strength
  • + 24 Damage

Active: Avatar
Applies a basic dispel. Grants 60% Magic resistance and immunity to pure and reflected damage. For the duration of the effect, any negative effect from enemy spells has no effect. Duration: 9 Dispel Type: Basic Dispel

A powerful staff imbued with the strength of giants.

Компоненты:

1000
1600

Morbid Mask

900
  • + 18% Lifesteal

Passive: Lifesteal
Heals the attacker for a percentage of physical damage dealt.

A mask that drains the energy of those caught in its gaze.

Phase Boots

1500
  • + 50 Movement Speed
  • + 18 Damage (MELEE)
  • + 12 Damage (RANGED)
  • + 4 Armor

Active: Phase
Gives 20% increased movement speed on melee heroes, and 10% on ranged heroes, and lets you move through units and turn more quickly for 3 seconds.

Movement speed bonuses from multiple pairs of boots do not stack.

Boots that allow the wearer to travel between the ether.

Компоненты:

500
550
450

Blink Dagger

2250

    Active: Blink
    Teleport to a target point up to 1200 units away. Blink Dagger cannot be used for 3 seconds after taking damage from an enemy hero or Roshan.

    The fabled dagger used by the fastest assassin ever to walk the lands.

    Abyssal Blade

    6250
    • + 35 Damage
    • + 26 Strength
    • + 25% Slow Resistance
    • + 20% Health Restoration

    Active: Overwhelm
    Stuns a target enemy unit for 1.6 seconds. Pierces Debuff Immunity.
    Passive: Bash
    Grants melee heroes a 25% chance on hit to stun the target for 1.2 seconds and deal 120 bonus physical damage. Bash chance for ranged heroes is 10%.

    The lost blade of the Commander of the Abyss, this edge cuts into an enemy's soul.

    Компоненты:

    2875
    2100

    Greater Healing Lotus

    0

      Use: Eat Lotus
      Instantly restores 900 health and mana.

      Компоненты:

      0
      0

      Point Booster

      1200
      • + 175 Mana
      • + 175 Health

      A perfectly formed amethyst that nourishes body and mind when held.

      Gunpowder Gauntlet

      0

        Passive: Beat the Crowd
        Your next attack deals an additional 120 magic damage and splashes to units within 250 units for 50% of the original attack's damage plus the additional magic damage.

        A 'harmless' prank that went entirely too far.

        Force Staff

        2200
        • + 10 Intelligence
        • + 175 Health

        Active: Force
        Pushes any target unit 600 units in the direction it is facing.

        Allows you to manipulate others, for good or evil.

        Компоненты:

        1000
        250

        Glimmer Cape

        2150
        • + 20% Magic Resistance

        Active: Glimmer
        After a 0.5 second delay, grants invisibility, 20 movement speed and a magic damage barrier that absorbs up to 375 damage to you or a target allied unit for 5 seconds. Can be cast while channeling.

        The stolen cape of a master illusionist.

        Компоненты:

        900
        800

        Arcane Boots

        1400
        • + 45 Movement Speed
        • + 0.25 Mana Regeneration

        Active: Replenish
        Restores 150 mana to all nearby allies. Radius: 1200
        Passive: Basilius Aura
        Grants 1 mana regeneration to allies. Radius: 1200

        Movement speed bonuses from multiple pairs of boots do not stack.

        Magi equipped with these boots are valued in battle.

        Компоненты:

        500
        425

        Observer and Sentry Wards

        50
        • OBSERVER VISION RANGE: 1600
        • OBSERVER DURATION (MINUTES): 6
        • SENTRY DURATION (MINUTES): 8
        • SENTRY TRUE SIGHT RANGE: 1050

        Use: Plant
        Plant the currently active ward. Double-Click to switch the currently active ward.

        Advancements in stacking efficiency have made wards easier to carry than ever.

        Компоненты:

        50
        0

        Dust of Appearance

        80

          Use: Reveal
          For 12 seconds, creates an area that reveals and slows invisible heroes by -20% in a 1050 radius where the caster was standing. Invisible units revealed by dust take 25 damage. The debuff effect on enemies lingers for 8s after leaving the area of effect.

          One may hide visage, but never volume.

          Magic Wand

          460
          • + 3 All Attributes

          Active: Energy Charge
          Instantly restores 15 health and mana per charge stored. Max 20 charges. Gains a charge whenever a visible enemy within 1200 range uses an ability.

          A simple wand used to channel magic energies, it is favored by apprentice wizards and great warlocks alike.

          Компоненты:

          200
          55
          55

          Smoke of Deceit

          50

            Use: Disguise
            Turns the caster and all allied player-controlled units in a 1200 radius invisible, and grants 15% bonus movement speed for 45 seconds. While the caster is still disguised, any allies that come within 300 range of them will also get the buff applied to them. Each smoke can only be applied once to allies. Attacking or moving within 1025 range of an enemy hero or tower, will break the invisibility. Disguise grants invisibility that is immune to True Sight. Smoke of Deceit is usable from the backpack and has no cooldown when swapped into the main inventory.

            The charlatan wizard Myrddin's only true contribution to the arcane arts.

            Jidi Pollen Bag

            0
            • HEALTH RESTORATION LOSS: 30%
            • TOTAL MAX HEALTH DAMAGE: 9%
            • RADIUS: 700
            • DURATION: 9

            Active: Pollinate
            Spreads pollen on all nearby enemy units, decreasing their health restoration and dealing damage over time based on their maximum health.

            Very dangerous. Very difficult to obtain more.

            Power Treads

            1400
            • + 45 Move Speed (Ranged Heroes)
            • + 55 Move Speed (Melee Heroes)
            • + 10 Selected Attribute
            • + 25 Attack Speed

            Active: Switch Attribute
            Switches between +10 Strength, +10 Agility, or +10 Intelligence.

            Movement speed bonuses from multiple pairs of boots do not stack.

            A pair of tough-skinned boots that change to meet the demands of the wearer.

            Компоненты:

            500
            450
            450

            Bottle

            675

              Active: Regenerate
              Consumes a charge to restore 110 health and 60 mana over 2.7 seconds. If the hero is attacked by an enemy hero or Roshan, the effect is lost. The Bottle automatically refills at the fountain. Hold Control to use on an allied hero.
              Passive: Store Rune
              Runes can be stored in the Bottle for later use by right-clicking them. Unused runes will automatically activate after 90 seconds. Using a stored rune fully refills the Bottle.

              An old bottle that survived the ages, the contents placed inside become enchanted.

              Kaya and Sange

              4200
              • + 16 Strength
              • + 16 Intelligence
              • + 25% Slow Resistance
              • + 50% Mana Regen Amplification
              • + 12% Spell Amplification
              • + 20% Health Restoration
              • + 25% Mana Cost/Mana Loss Reduction

              Two of three known items of unimaginable power that many believe were crafted at the same enchanter's forge.

              Компоненты:

              2100
              2100

              Vitality Booster

              1000
              • + 250 Health

              A ruby gemstone that has been passed down through generations of warrior kin.

              Energy Booster

              800
              • + 250 Mana

              This lapis gemstone is commonly added to the collection of wizards seeking to improve their presence in combat.

              Voodoo Mask

              650
              • + 12% Spell Lifesteal

              Passive: Magic Lifesteal
              Magical damage dealt to enemy heroes is returned to the caster as health.

              A mask tuned to sip the arcane bindings that pass between caster and foe.

              Bracer

              505
              • + 5 Strength
              • + 2 Agility
              • + 2 Intelligence
              • + 0.75 Health Regeneration
              • + 50 Health

              The bracer is a common choice to toughen up defenses and increase longevity.

              Компоненты:

              155
              140

              Orb of Frost

              300

                Passive: Frost
                Your attacks slow the target's movement by -13% (-6% against melee targets), and reduces Health Restoration by 13%. Lasts for 3 seconds.

                Slowly growing since the universe began, it will envelop everything when it ends.

                Guardian Greaves

                4300
                • + 50 Movement Speed
                • + 5 Armor
                • + 1.5 Mana Regeneration

                Active: Mend
                Restores 325 health and 200 mana to nearby allies, and removes most negative effects from the caster. Radius: 1200 Dispel Type: Basic Dispel
                Passive: Guardian Aura
                Grants 2.5 health regeneration and 1.5 mana regeneration to allied units. If the wearer's health falls below 25%, their health regeneration is increased to 14.5. Radius: 1200

                Movement speed bonuses from multiple pairs of boots do not stack.

                One of many holy instruments constructed to honor the Omniscience.

                Компоненты:

                1775
                1400

                Robe of the Magi

                450
                • + 6 Intelligence

                This robe corrupts the soul of the user, but provides wisdom in return.

                Sage's Mask

                175
                • + 0.7 Mana Regeneration

                A mask commonly used by mages and warlocks for various rituals.

                Whisper of the Dread

                0

                  Passive: Tunnel Vision
                  Equipped Hero has their daytime vision reduced by 15% but their Spell damage increased by 10%.

                  The air that passes through this amulet makes a dreadful sound.

                  Crimson Guard

                  3725
                  • + 250 Health
                  • + 12 Health Regeneration
                  • + 8 Armor

                  Active: Guard
                  For 7 seconds, grant nearby allied heroes and buildings a 100% chance to block damage equal to 70 plus 2.2% of the casters max health value from each incoming attack. Units may only be affected by Guard once every 35 seconds. Radius: 1200
                  Passive: Damage Block
                  Grants a 60% chance to block 75 damage from incoming attacks on melee heroes, and 50 damage on ranged.

                  A cuirass originally built to protect against the dreaded Year Beast.

                  Компоненты:

                  1700
                  975

                  Pipe of Insight

                  3725
                  • + 14.0 Health Regeneration
                  • + 20% Magic Resistance

                  Active: Barrier
                  Gives a magic damage barrier that absorbs 425 damage to all nearby allies. Lasts 8 seconds. Radius: 1200
                  Passive: Insight Aura
                  Gives allied units 2.5 health regeneration and 8% magic resistance. Radius: 1200

                  A powerful artifact of mysterious origin, it creates barriers against magical forces.

                  Компоненты:

                  800
                  425
                  1700

                  Blade Mail

                  2300
                  • + 15 Damage
                  • + 6 Armor

                  Active: Damage Return
                  For 5.5 seconds, return all incoming damage, increasing the percentage by 85%.
                  Passive: Damage Return
                  Everytime you are attacked, you return 10 damage plus 15% of the attack damage dealt to you.

                  A razor-sharp coat of mail, it is the choice of selfless martyrs in combat.

                  Компоненты:

                  1000
                  550

                  Rod of Atos

                  2250
                  • + 12 Intelligence
                  • + 275 Health

                  Active: Cripple
                  Roots the target for 2 seconds.

                  Atos, the Lord of Blight, has his essence stored in this deceptively simple wand.

                  Компоненты:

                  1000
                  1000

                  Null Talisman

                  505
                  • + 5 Intelligence
                  • + 2 Strength
                  • + 2 Agility
                  • + 3% Max Mana Bonus
                  • + 1.0 Mana Regeneration

                  A small gemstone attached to several chains.

                  Компоненты:

                  155
                  140

                  Yasha and Kaya

                  4200
                  • + 16 Agility
                  • + 16 Intelligence
                  • + 20 Attack Speed
                  • + 50% Mana Regen Amplification
                  • + 12% Movement Speed
                  • + 12% Spell Amplification
                  • + 25% Cast Speed Bonus

                  Yasha and Kaya when paired together share a natural resonance.

                  Компоненты:

                  2100
                  2100

                  Searing Signet

                  0

                    Passive: Burn Through
                    Instances of magic damage from spells over 55 ignites enemies, causing them to take 90 magic damage over 6 seconds. Burn damage against non-hero targets is decreased by 50%.

                    To torture a magic user, one must devise means far beyond the mundane.

                    Hand of Midas

                    2200
                    • + 35 Attack Speed

                    Active: Transmute
                    Kills a non-hero target for 160 gold. Killing a neutral creep additionally grants a madstone bundle. Cannot be used on Ancient creeps.

                    Preserved through unknown magical means, the Hand of Midas is a weapon of greed, sacrificing animals to line the owner's pockets.

                    Компоненты:

                    450

                    Gleipnir

                    4550
                    • + 75 AoE Bonus
                    • + 450 Health
                    • + 12 Intelligence
                    • + 200 Mana

                    Active: Eternal Chains
                    Roots all enemies in a 350 radius for 2 seconds.

                    Bindings forged by impossible means to leash an ancient evil.

                    Компоненты:

                    1200
                    2250

                    Scythe of Vyse

                    5200
                    • + 30 Intelligence
                    • + 8.5 Mana Regeneration

                    Active: Hex
                    Turns a target unit into a harmless critter for 2.8 seconds. The target has a base movement speed of 140 and will be silenced, muted, and disarmed. Instantly destroys illusions.

                    The most guarded relic among the cult of Vyse, it is the most coveted weapon among magi.

                    Компоненты:

                    2800
                    1700

                    Aghanim's Scepter

                    4200
                    • + 10 All Attributes
                    • + 175 Health
                    • + 175 Mana

                    Passive: Ability Upgrade
                    Upgrades the ultimate, and some abilities, of all heroes.

                    The scepter of a wizard with demigod-like powers.

                    Компоненты:

                    1200
                    1000
                    1000
                    1000

                    Boots of Travel

                    2500
                    • + 90 Movement Speed
                    • TOWN PORTAL SCROLL COOLDOWN: 40

                    Upgrade: Town Portal Scroll
                    Upgrades your Town Portal Scroll, allowing it to target units, reduces cooldown and does not consume a charge on usage.

                    Movement speed bonuses from multiple pairs of boots do not stack.

                    Winged boots that grant omnipresence.

                    Компоненты:

                    500

                    Aether Lens

                    2275
                    • + 300 Mana
                    • + 2.5 Mana Regeneration
                    • + 225 Cast Range

                    Polished with the incantation of his final breath, the gift of a dying mage to his sickly son.

                    Компоненты:

                    800
                    700

                    Sentry Ward

                    50

                      Use: Plant
                      Plants a Sentry Ward, an invisible watcher that grants True Sight, the ability to see invisible enemy units and wards, to any existing allied vision within a 1050 radius. Lasts 7 minutes. Does not grant ground vision. Hold Control to give one Sentry Ward to an allied hero.

                      A form of plant originally grown in the garden of a fearful king.

                      Dormant Curio

                      0

                        Passive: Hidden Potential
                        Neutral Artifacts you craft while holding a Dormant Curio have their potency increased by 30%.

                        Everyone has an idea, but no one has a clue.

                        Silver Edge

                        5700
                        • + 70 Damage
                        • + 35 Attack Speed

                        Active: Shadow Walk
                        Makes you invisible for 17 seconds, or until you attack or cast a spell. While invisible, you move 25% faster and can move through units. Attacking to end the invisibility will deal 300 bonus physical damage, disable their passive abilities for 5 seconds, and cap their movement speed to 200.

                        Once used to slay an unjust king, only to have the kingdom erupt into civil war in the aftermath.

                        Компоненты:

                        3250
                        2200

                        Diffusal Blade

                        2500
                        • + 15 Agility
                        • + 10 Intelligence

                        Active: Inhibit
                        Targets an enemy, slowing it for 4 seconds.
                        Passive: Manabreak
                        Each attack burns 40 mana from the target, and deals 1 physical damage per burned mana. Illusions do not burn mana.

                        An enchanted blade that allows the user to cut straight into the enemy's soul.

                        Компоненты:

                        1000
                        450

                        Serrated Shiv

                        0

                          Passive: Gut 'Em
                          Attacks have a 20% chance to have True Strike and deal 8% of the target's current health as bonus physical damage. Deals a flat bonus of 200 against Roshan.

                          Too dangerous for taskwork, this blade's only purpose is vile murder.

                          Quelling Blade

                          100

                            Active: Chop Tree
                            Destroy a target tree.
                            Passive: Quell
                            Increases attack damage against non-hero units by 8 for melee heroes, and 4 for ranged.

                            The axe of a fallen gnome, it allows you to effectively maneuver the forest.

                            Essence Ring

                            0

                              Active: Life Essence
                              Increases your current and max health by 240 for 10 seconds.

                              An ancient bauble blessed by the breath of Verodicia.

                              Aghanim's Shard

                              1400

                                Passive: Ability Upgrade
                                Upgrades an existing ability or adds a new ability to your hero.

                                With origins known only to a single wizard, fragments of this impossible crystal are nearly as coveted as the renowned scepter itself.