Статистика матча MPS vs SIO

Dotabuff

Победа сил тьмы

29 40 минут, 46 секунд 44

MOPS TEAM

Силы тьмы Победитель
Игрок У С П ДК/НО NET ЗМ/ОМ Урон УПС Исц Предметы
26
lamborghini 13 2 20 474/14 32K 802/1K 39K 17K 3K
586
19
specialsadism 2 7 19 52/2 12K 351/493 8.6K 0 107
22
GGAMESLOL 8 7 17 126/2 16K 437/688 16K 1.6K 213
24
szdox 12 7 15 239/13 21K 563/784 29K 5.1K 0
24
Master 9 6 23 311/1 24K 623/839 29K 2.8K 1K
1
2
5
8
10
11
14
15
18
19
21
23

swaga i otwaga

Силы света
Игрок У С П ДК/НО NET ЗМ/ОМ Урон УПС Исц Предметы
16
Krrasav 1 13 15 26/1 7.5K 249/351 9.6K 200 0
15
schmuck 3 8 13 81/0 10K 282/326 12K 654 300
25
ViiVii 11 7 12 261/7 19K 523/886 44K 185 4
19
Woot 5 8 16 217/9 15K 426/494 16K 1.3K 250
22
Yandeni 9 8 6 344/37 20K 565/675 25K 1.8K 0
3
4
6
7
9
12
13
16
17
20
22
24

Преимущество сил света

HP 462 MP 291

Shadow Fiend

Ranged - Carry, Nuker
19 +2.7
25 +3.6
18 +2.2
  • Скорость передвижения
    305
  • Базовая атака
    41-47
  • Базовая броня
    5
  • Дальность атаки
    525
HP 480 MP 525

Lina

Ranged - Support, Carry, Nuker, Disabler
20 +2.4
23 +2.4
30 +4
  • Скорость передвижения
    290
  • Базовая атака
    51-59
  • Базовая броня
    3.68
  • Дальность атаки
    670
HP 552 MP 279

Brewmaster

Melee - Carry, Initiator, Durable, Disabler, Nuker
24 +3.2
19 +2
17 +1.9
  • Скорость передвижения
    310
  • Базовая атака
    26-33
  • Базовая броня
    4.8
  • Дальность атаки
    150
HP 480 MP 315

Kez

Melee - Carry, Escape, Disabler
20 +2.8
27 +3.5
20 +1.7
  • Скорость передвижения
    315
  • Базовая атака
    50-56
  • Базовая броня
    6.4
  • Дальность атаки
    225
HP 615 MP 399

Undying

Melee - Support, Durable, Disabler, Nuker
22 +2.4
10 +1.2
27 +2.8
  • Скорость передвижения
    300
  • Базовая атака
    55-63
  • Базовая броня
    2.6
  • Дальность атаки
    150
HP 462 MP 327

Io

Ranged - Support, Escape, Nuker
19 +3
14 +1.6
21 +1.7
  • Скорость передвижения
    320
  • Базовая атака
    21-27
  • Базовая броня
    3.8
  • Дальность атаки
    500
HP 638 MP 291

Tusk

Melee - Initiator, Disabler, Nuker
23 +3.9
23 +1.9
18 +1.7
  • Скорость передвижения
    310
  • Базовая атака
    50-54
  • Базовая броня
    4.68
  • Дальность атаки
    150
HP 480 MP 420

Ancient Apparition

Ranged - Support, Disabler, Nuker
20 +1.9
20 +2
23 +3.1
  • Скорость передвижения
    285
  • Базовая атака
    44-54
  • Базовая броня
    2.2
  • Дальность атаки
    675
HP 498 MP 327

Snapfire

Ranged - Support, Nuker, Disabler, Escape
21 +3.5
16 +1.9
21 +2.2
  • Скорость передвижения
    300
  • Базовая атака
    25-31
  • Базовая броня
    4.2
  • Дальность атаки
    400
HP 408 MP 255

Drow Ranger

Ranged - Carry, Disabler, Pusher
16 +1.9
22 +2.8
15 +1.4
  • Скорость передвижения
    310
  • Базовая атака
    51-58
  • Базовая броня
    4.4
  • Дальность атаки
    625
HP 462 MP 375

Invoker

Ranged - Carry, Nuker, Disabler, Escape, Pusher
19 +2.5
14 +2
20 +4
  • Скорость передвижения
    285
  • Базовая атака
    39-45
  • Базовая броня
    1.24
  • Дальность атаки
    600
HP 615 MP 291

Earth Spirit

Melee - Nuker, Escape, Disabler, Initiator, Durable
22 +3.8
17 +2.4
18 +2.1
  • Скорость передвижения
    290
  • Базовая атака
    47-51
  • Базовая броня
    2.72
  • Дальность атаки
    150
HP 516 MP 315

Ember Spirit

Melee - Carry, Escape, Nuker, Disabler, Initiator
22 +2.3
22 +3.2
20 +2.2
  • Скорость передвижения
    300
  • Базовая атака
    55-59
  • Базовая броня
    4.4
  • Дальность атаки
    150
HP 480 MP 405

Dark Seer

Melee - Initiator, Escape, Disabler
20 +2.6
19 +1.5
22 +2.7
  • Скорость передвижения
    295
  • Базовая атака
    53-59
  • Базовая броня
    5.04
  • Дальность атаки
    150
HP 750 MP 243

Spirit Breaker

Melee - Carry, Initiator, Disabler, Durable, Escape
28 +3.3
17 +1.7
14 +1.8
  • Скорость передвижения
    295
  • Базовая атака
    62-72
  • Базовая броня
    3.72
  • Дальность атаки
    170
HP 480 MP 303

Vengeful Spirit

Ranged - Support, Initiator, Disabler, Nuker, Escape
20 +2.6
23 +3
19 +1.5
  • Скорость передвижения
    295
  • Базовая атака
    51-57
  • Базовая броня
    4.6
  • Дальность атаки
    400
HP 728 MP 255

Centaur Warrunner

Melee - Durable, Initiator, Disabler, Nuker, Escape
27 +4
15 +1
15 +1.6
  • Скорость передвижения
    300
  • Базовая атака
    63-65
  • Базовая броня
    0.4
  • Дальность атаки
    150
HP 462 MP 315

Monkey King

Melee - Carry, Escape, Disabler, Initiator
19 +2.8
24 +3.7
20 +1.8
  • Скорость передвижения
    300
  • Базовая атака
    53-57
  • Базовая броня
    5.8
  • Дальность атаки
    300
HP 480 MP 243

Juggernaut

Melee - Carry, Pusher, Escape
20 +2
32 +2.8
14 +1.4
  • Скорость передвижения
    300
  • Базовая атака
    54-56
  • Базовая броня
    6.4
  • Дальность атаки
    150
HP 498 MP 279

Viper

Ranged - Carry, Durable, Initiator, Disabler
21 +2.4
21 +2.7
17 +2
  • Скорость передвижения
    275
  • Базовая атака
    48-50
  • Базовая броня
    2.2
  • Дальность атаки
    575
HP 498 MP 351

Luna

Ranged - Carry, Nuker, Pusher
21 +2.2
24 +3.4
23 +1.9
  • Скорость передвижения
    325
  • Базовая атака
    50-56
  • Базовая броня
    6.8
  • Дальность атаки
    330
HP 498 MP 327

Phantom Lancer

Melee - Carry, Escape, Pusher, Nuker
21 +2.2
26 +3.4
21 +1.8
  • Скорость передвижения
    285
  • Базовая атака
    52-62
  • Базовая броня
    5.2
  • Дальность атаки
    225
HP 638 MP 255

Lifestealer

Melee - Carry, Durable, Escape, Disabler
23 +2.4
15 +1.9
15 +1.8
  • Скорость передвижения
    315
  • Базовая атака
    39-45
  • Базовая броня
    3.4
  • Дальность атаки
    150
HP 444 MP 327

Clinkz

Ranged - Carry, Escape, Pusher
18 +2
25 +2.7
21 +2.2
  • Скорость передвижения
    290
  • Базовая атака
    44-50
  • Базовая броня
    5
  • Дальность атаки
    600

Glimmer Cape

2150
  • + 20% Magic Resistance

Active: Glimmer
After a 0.5 second delay, grants invisibility, 20 movement speed and a magic damage barrier that absorbs up to 375 damage to you or a target allied unit for 5 seconds. Can be cast while channeling.

The stolen cape of a master illusionist.

Компоненты:

900
800

Force Staff

2200
  • + 10 Intelligence
  • + 175 Health

Active: Force
Pushes any target unit 600 units in the direction it is facing.

Allows you to manipulate others, for good or evil.

Компоненты:

1000
250

Dust of Appearance

80

    Use: Reveal
    For 12 seconds, creates an area that reveals and slows invisible heroes by -20% in a 1050 radius where the caster was standing. Invisible units revealed by dust take 25 damage. The debuff effect on enemies lingers for 8s after leaving the area of effect.

    One may hide visage, but never volume.

    Magic Wand

    460
    • + 3 All Attributes

    Active: Energy Charge
    Instantly restores 15 health and mana per charge stored. Max 20 charges. Gains a charge whenever a visible enemy within 1200 range uses an ability.

    A simple wand used to channel magic energies, it is favored by apprentice wizards and great warlocks alike.

    Компоненты:

    200
    55
    55

    Arcane Boots

    1400
    • + 45 Movement Speed
    • + 0.25 Mana Regeneration

    Active: Replenish
    Restores 150 mana to all nearby allies. Radius: 1200
    Passive: Basilius Aura
    Grants 1 mana regeneration to allies. Radius: 1200

    Movement speed bonuses from multiple pairs of boots do not stack.

    Magi equipped with these boots are valued in battle.

    Компоненты:

    500
    425

    Wind Lace

    225
    • + 15 Movement Speed

    Bonuses from multiple Wind Laces do not stack.

    Hasten to battle on wind-touched heels.

    Smoke of Deceit

    50

      Use: Disguise
      Turns the caster and all allied player-controlled units in a 1200 radius invisible, and grants 15% bonus movement speed for 45 seconds. While the caster is still disguised, any allies that come within 300 range of them will also get the buff applied to them. Each smoke can only be applied once to allies. Attacking or moving within 1025 range of an enemy hero or tower, will break the invisibility. Disguise grants invisibility that is immune to True Sight. Smoke of Deceit is usable from the backpack and has no cooldown when swapped into the main inventory.

      The charlatan wizard Myrddin's only true contribution to the arcane arts.

      Essence Ring

      0

        Active: Life Essence
        Increases your current and max health by 240 for 10 seconds.

        An ancient bauble blessed by the breath of Verodicia.

        Bracer

        505
        • + 5 Strength
        • + 2 Agility
        • + 2 Intelligence
        • + 0.75 Health Regeneration
        • + 50 Health

        The bracer is a common choice to toughen up defenses and increase longevity.

        Компоненты:

        155
        140

        Observer and Sentry Wards

        50
        • OBSERVER VISION RANGE: 1600
        • OBSERVER DURATION (MINUTES): 6
        • SENTRY DURATION (MINUTES): 8
        • SENTRY TRUE SIGHT RANGE: 1050

        Use: Plant
        Plant the currently active ward. Double-Click to switch the currently active ward.

        Advancements in stacking efficiency have made wards easier to carry than ever.

        Компоненты:

        50
        0

        Phase Boots

        1500
        • + 50 Movement Speed
        • + 18 Damage (MELEE)
        • + 12 Damage (RANGED)
        • + 4 Armor

        Active: Phase
        Gives 20% increased movement speed on melee heroes, and 10% on ranged heroes, and lets you move through units and turn more quickly for 3 seconds.

        Movement speed bonuses from multiple pairs of boots do not stack.

        Boots that allow the wearer to travel between the ether.

        Компоненты:

        500
        550
        450

        Black King Bar

        4050
        • + 10 Strength
        • + 24 Damage

        Active: Avatar
        Applies a basic dispel. Grants 60% Magic resistance and immunity to pure and reflected damage. For the duration of the effect, any negative effect from enemy spells has no effect. Duration: 9 Dispel Type: Basic Dispel

        A powerful staff imbued with the strength of giants.

        Компоненты:

        1000
        1600

        Spirit Vessel

        2725
        • + 1.75 Mana Regeneration
        • + 10 All Attributes
        • + 2 Armor
        • + 0 Health

        Active: Soul Release
        When used against enemies, it reduces health by 4% of current health per second, and reduces Health Restoration by 70% and incoming heals by 70%. Deals 25 damage per second. When used on allies, it provides 40 health regeneration per second. Lasts 8 seconds. Gains charges every time an enemy hero dies within 1500 units or the user dies.

        Компоненты:

        825
        1000

        Aghanim's Scepter

        4200
        • + 10 All Attributes
        • + 175 Health
        • + 175 Mana

        Passive: Ability Upgrade
        Upgrades the ultimate, and some abilities, of all heroes.

        The scepter of a wizard with demigod-like powers.

        Компоненты:

        1200
        1000
        1000
        1000

        Kaya and Sange

        4200
        • + 16 Strength
        • + 16 Intelligence
        • + 25% Slow Resistance
        • + 50% Mana Regen Amplification
        • + 12% Spell Amplification
        • + 20% Health Restoration
        • + 25% Mana Cost/Mana Loss Reduction

        Two of three known items of unimaginable power that many believe were crafted at the same enchanter's forge.

        Компоненты:

        2100
        2100

        Blink Dagger

        2250

          Active: Blink
          Teleport to a target point up to 1200 units away. Blink Dagger cannot be used for 3 seconds after taking damage from an enemy hero or Roshan.

          The fabled dagger used by the fastest assassin ever to walk the lands.

          Shiva's Guard

          5175
          • + 5 Intelligence
          • + 5 Strength
          • + 5 Agility
          • + 5 Health Regeneration
          • + 15 Armor

          Active: Arctic Blast
          Emits a freezing wave that causes enemies to take 15% more damage from spells for 16 seconds, deals 200 magical damage and slows their movement by -40% for 4 seconds. Radius: 900
          Passive: Freezing Aura
          Reduces the attack speed of all enemies by -45 and Health Restoration and Incoming Heal Amplification by 25%. Radius: 1200

          Said to have belonged to a goddess, today it retains much of its former power.

          Компоненты:

          1725
          1400

          Crimson Guard

          3725
          • + 250 Health
          • + 12 Health Regeneration
          • + 8 Armor

          Active: Guard
          For 7 seconds, grant nearby allied heroes and buildings a 100% chance to block damage equal to 70 plus 2.2% of the casters max health value from each incoming attack. Units may only be affected by Guard once every 35 seconds. Radius: 1200
          Passive: Damage Block
          Grants a 60% chance to block 75 damage from incoming attacks on melee heroes, and 50 damage on ranged.

          A cuirass originally built to protect against the dreaded Year Beast.

          Компоненты:

          1700
          975

          Sange

          2100
          • + 16 Strength
          • + 20% Slow Resistance
          • + 16% Health Restoration

          Sange is an unusually accurate weapon, seeking weak points automatically.

          Компоненты:

          1000
          450

          Desolator

          3500
          • + 55 Damage

          Passive: Corruption
          Your attacks reduce the target's armor by -6 for 7 seconds.
          Passive: Soul Stealer
          Desolator gains +2 damage every time an enemy hero dies while affected by Corruption, to a maximum of 30.

          A wicked weapon, used in torturing political criminals.

          Компоненты:

          1600
          1600
          300

          Dragon Lance

          1900
          • + 15 Agility
          • + 10 Strength
          • + 140 Attack Range (Ranged Only)

          The forward charge of the wyvern host grants no quarter.

          Компоненты:

          1000
          450

          Crystalys

          2000
          • + 32 Damage

          Passive: Critical Strike
          Grants each attack a 30% chance to deal 160% damage.

          A blade forged from rare crystals, it seeks weak points in enemy armor.

          Компоненты:

          1350
          450

          Orchid Malevolence

          3275
          • + 35 Attack Speed
          • + 10 Damage
          • + 3 Mana Regeneration
          • + 6.0 Health Regeneration
          • + 10 Intelligence

          Active: Soul Burn
          Silences the target unit for 5 seconds. At the end of the silence, 30% of the damage received while silenced is inflicted as bonus magical damage.

          A garnet rod constructed from the essence of a fire demon.

          Компоненты:

          1625
          1200

          Power Treads

          1400
          • + 45 Move Speed (Ranged Heroes)
          • + 55 Move Speed (Melee Heroes)
          • + 10 Selected Attribute
          • + 25 Attack Speed

          Active: Switch Attribute
          Switches between +10 Strength, +10 Agility, or +10 Intelligence.

          Movement speed bonuses from multiple pairs of boots do not stack.

          A pair of tough-skinned boots that change to meet the demands of the wearer.

          Компоненты:

          500
          450
          450

          Giant's Maul

          0
          • CRITICAL DAMAGE: 140%
          • MOVEMENT SLOW: 10%
          • ATTACK SLOW: 15%
          • CAST SPEED SLOW: 20%
          • DURATION: 3

          Passive: Crushing Blow
          Empowers the next attack to be a critical hit. Hitting an enemy with an empowered attack temporarily decreases their movement speed, attack speed, and cast speed.

          Crude but smashingly effective.

          Radiance

          4700
          • + 55 Damage
          • + 25% Evasion

          Toggle: Burn
          When active, scorches enemies for 60 magical damage per second. Illusions deal 35 magical damage per second. Radius: 650

          A divine weapon that causes damage and a bright burning effect that lays waste to nearby enemies.

          Компоненты:

          3400
          1300

          Assault Cuirass

          5125
          • + 30 Attack Speed
          • + 10 Armor

          Passive: Assault Aura
          Grants 30 attack speed and 5 armor to nearby allied units and structures, and decreases nearby enemy unit and structure armor by -5. Radius: 1200

          Forged in the depths of the nether reaches, this hellish mail provides an army with increased armor and attack speed.

          Компоненты:

          1400
          2000
          425

          Manta Style

          4650
          • + 10 Strength
          • + 26 Agility
          • + 10 Intelligence
          • + 15 Attack Speed
          • + 10% Movement Speed

          Active: Mirror Image
          Creates 2 images of your hero that last 18 seconds. Melee images deal 33% damage, while Ranged images deal 28%. Illusions take 300% damage. Dispel Type: Basic Dispel

          An axe made of reflective materials that causes confusion amongst enemy ranks.

          Компоненты:

          2100
          1000

          Monkey King Bar

          4700
          • + 40 Damage
          • + 45 Attack Speed

          Passive: Pierce
          Grants each attack a 80% chance to pierce through evasion and deal 70 bonus magical damage.

          A powerful staff used by a master warrior.

          Компоненты:

          2200
          900
          1000

          Aegis of the Immortal

          0

            Passive: Reincarnation
            Brings you to life with full health and mana 5 seconds after you die, at the location where you died. Reincarnation must be used within 5 minutes or Aegis of the Immortal disappears. If it expires, it will heal you over 5 seconds (dispels on damage).

            The Immortal was said to own a shield that protected him from death itself.

            Armlet of Mordiggian

            2500
            • + 15 Damage
            • + 25 Attack Speed
            • + 6 Armor
            • + 5 Health Regeneration

            Toggle: Unholy Strength
            When active, Unholy Strength grants +35 damage, +25 strength and +4 armor, but drains 45 health per second. You cannot die from the health drain when Unholy Strength is activated, nor from the strength loss when Unholy Strength is deactivated.

            Weapon of choice among brutes, the bearer sacrifices his life energy to gain immense strength and power.

            Компоненты:

            975
            450
            450

            Staff of Wizardry

            1000
            • + 10 Intelligence

            A staff of magical powers passed down from the eldest mages.

            Ghost Scepter

            1500
            • + 5 All Attributes

            Active: Ghost Form
            You enter ghost form for 4 seconds, becoming immune to physical damage, but are unable to attack and -30% more vulnerable to magic damage.

            Imbues the wielder with a ghostly presence, allowing them to evade physical damage.

            Eul's Scepter of Divinity

            2600
            • + 10 Intelligence
            • + 2.5 Mana Regeneration
            • + 20 Movement Speed

            Active: Cyclone
            Sweeps a target unit up into a cyclone, making them invulnerable for 2.5 seconds. Cyclone can only be cast on enemy units or yourself. Enemy units take 50 magical damage upon landing. Dispel Type: Basic Dispel

            A mysterious scepter passed down through the ages, its disruptive winds can be used for good or evil.

            Компоненты:

            1000
            700
            225

            Gem of True Sight

            900

              Active: Reveal
              Gives True Sight over a 300 radius revealing wards and units even in Fog of War.
              Passive: True Sight
              Grants the ability to see invisible units and wards to any allied vision within 900 range of its carrier.
              Passive: Everlasting
              Dropped on death, and cannot be destroyed.

              Not one thrall creature of the depths, Nor spirit bound in drowning's keep, Nor Maelrawn the Tentacular, Shall rest till seas, gem comes to sleep.

              Silver Edge

              5700
              • + 70 Damage
              • + 35 Attack Speed

              Active: Shadow Walk
              Makes you invisible for 17 seconds, or until you attack or cast a spell. While invisible, you move 25% faster and can move through units. Attacking to end the invisibility will deal 300 bonus physical damage, disable their passive abilities for 5 seconds, and cap their movement speed to 200.

              Once used to slay an unjust king, only to have the kingdom erupt into civil war in the aftermath.

              Компоненты:

              3250
              2200

              Yasha and Kaya

              4200
              • + 16 Agility
              • + 16 Intelligence
              • + 20 Attack Speed
              • + 50% Mana Regen Amplification
              • + 12% Movement Speed
              • + 12% Spell Amplification
              • + 25% Cast Speed Bonus

              Yasha and Kaya when paired together share a natural resonance.

              Компоненты:

              2100
              2100

              Dandelion Amulet

              0

                Passive: Magical Damage Block
                Every 12s, blocks up to 300 magic damage from damage instances over 75 damage.

                Eye of Skadi

                5900
                • + 35 All Attributes
                • + 0 Health
                • + 0 Mana

                Passive: Cold Attack
                Attacks lower enemy movement by -25% if they are melee and -50% if they are ranged. Attacks also lower enemy attack speed by -20%. Additionally it reduces Health Restoration by 40% and Incoming Heals by 40% Lasts for 3 seconds.

                Extremely rare artifact, guarded by the azure dragons.

                Компоненты:

                2800
                2800
                300

                Disperser

                6100
                • + 40 Agility
                • + 10 Intelligence

                Active: Suppress
                Dispels both the wearer and the target. Enemy targets are slowed for 5 seconds. Allied targets gain bonus movespeed and 40% slow resistance for 5 seconds. Caster is always granted the ally benefit on cast. Both movement speed reduction and increase start at 100% and gradually decrease to 0% over the course of the buff duration. Dispel Type: Basic Dispel
                Passive: Manabreak
                Each attack burns 40 mana from the target, and deals 1 physical damage per burned mana. Illusions do not burn mana.

                Once entrusted to an Apostle General of the Rumusque Faithful's expeditionary force.

                Компоненты:

                2500
                2800

                Flayer's Bota

                0

                  Active: Bloodthirst
                  Gain 15% base damage and 30 attack speed for 6 seconds.
                  Passive: Bloodrush
                  Enemy heroes dying within 1200 units reset the cooldown of Bloodthirst.

                  Guardian Greaves

                  4300
                  • + 50 Movement Speed
                  • + 5 Armor
                  • + 1.5 Mana Regeneration

                  Active: Mend
                  Restores 325 health and 200 mana to nearby allies, and removes most negative effects from the caster. Radius: 1200 Dispel Type: Basic Dispel
                  Passive: Guardian Aura
                  Grants 2.5 health regeneration and 1.5 mana regeneration to allied units. If the wearer's health falls below 25%, their health regeneration is increased to 14.5. Radius: 1200

                  Movement speed bonuses from multiple pairs of boots do not stack.

                  One of many holy instruments constructed to honor the Omniscience.

                  Компоненты:

                  1775
                  1400

                  Helm of the Dominator

                  2550
                  • + 6 All Attributes
                  • + 6 Armor
                  • + 6 Health Regeneration

                  Active: Dominate
                  Takes control of one neutral, non-ancient target unit and sets its movement speed to 370 and max health to a minimum of 1000. Also provides the unit with +25 base attack damage, +12 health regen, +4 mana regen and +4 armor. Dominated units with a max health of greater than 1000 retain their original max health. Grants the caster 50% of the gold and experience bounty of the dominated creep. Dominated unit's bounty is set to 100 gold and it can no longer be killed by abilities that instantly kill creeps otherwise. The Helm cannot be used for 3 seconds after the dominated creep takes damage from an enemy hero or Roshan.

                  The powerful headpiece of a dead necromancer.

                  Компоненты:

                  975
                  450

                  Aghanim's Shard

                  1400

                    Passive: Ability Upgrade
                    Upgrades an existing ability or adds a new ability to your hero.

                    With origins known only to a single wizard, fragments of this impossible crystal are nearly as coveted as the renowned scepter itself.